RESEARCH
João Gustavo Oliveira de Souza1, Marco Aurélio Bianchini, PhD, MSc2, and Cimara Fortes Ferreira, PhD, MSc3*
The
objective of this study was to assess and compare bone loss (BL) around
the dental implant platform as well as the presence of bacterial plaque
(PBP), bleeding on probing (BOP), and periodontal probing depths (PD)
of teeth and dental implants of smokers and nonsmokers. Three hundred
forty-seven teeth and 98 implants of 20 randomly selected patients were
assessed (12 smokers and 8 nonsmokers). The specimens were divided into 4
groups according to the site probed. Group 1 included smoker implant
sites, group 2 included smoker tooth sites, group 3 included nonsmoker
implant sites, and group 4 included nonsmoker tooth sites. The
presence/absence of visible bacterial plaque, presence/absence of BOP,
PD ≤ 3 mm or >3 mm, and BL around the dental implant platform were
the data assessed. The PBP and BL showed statistical significance
between smokers and nonsmokers. Bleeding on probing and PD ≤ 3 mm showed
statistical significance between groups 1, 3, and 4. Comparing sites
with BOP and PD > 3 mm, there was no statistical significance except
for group 1, which did not present sites with these characteristics.
Comparing sites with BOP and PD ≤ 3 mm, there was statistical
significance between group 2 and groups 3 and 4. When comparing the
prevalence of sites without BOP and PD > 3 mm, there was statistical
significance between groups 1, 3, and 4. Smoking promotes a greater BL
around the dental implant platform and results in vasoconstriction of
the peri-implant and periodontal tissues.
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